Everything about Netherlands East Indies Campaign totally explained
The
Netherlands East Indies campaign of
1941-
42 was the short-lived defence of the
Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) by
Allied forces, against invasion by the
Empire of Japan in
World War II. The rich
oil resources of Indonesia were a major Japanese objective during the war. The campaign and subsequent three and a half year
Japanese occupation contributed to the end of
Dutch colonial rule in Indonesia.
General
Hisaichi Terauchi (also known as Count Terauchi), who was the commander of the
Southern Expeditionary Army Group, began the campaign with attacks against
Borneo: on
December 16,
1941, Japanese forces successfully occupied
Miri, an oil production centre in northern
Sarawak.
Dutch,
Australian,
British and
United States forces fought the Japanese during the campaign. From
January 1, 1942, Allied forces in
South East Asia formed the
American-British-Dutch-Australian Command (ABDACOM), under the British General
Archibald Wavell. ABDACOM's control of the "Malay Barrier" (also known as the "East Indies Barrier") was considered vital to the Allies' global strategy. However, Japanese advances over the next several weeks split the Allied forces, and ABDACOM was dissolved on February 25. Allied operations in Indonesia (except
Sumatra) were later controlled by the
South West Pacific Area command, under General
Douglas MacArthur.
The campaign includes
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